This remarkable enconchado (shell inlay) painting comes from an artistic tradition that flourished in Mexico from 1650 to 1750. Inspired by Asian trade goods, painters seamlessly incorporated pieces of mother-of-pearl into their compositions, often extending the technique onto the frame. The reflective qualities of mother-of-pearl, especially when lit by candlelight, gave these works unparalleled luminosity.

San Diego de Alcalá (c. 1400–1463) was a Spanish lay brother of the Franciscan order and is depicted here within his monastery’s walled garden. Images such as this one, rare and jewel-like, represent a synthesis of the arts and cultures of Europe, Mexico, and Asia.